Initial FDA approval gets all the glory in the world of drugs and biologics. However, that approval has limited value if patients cannot rely upon receiving the original FDA-approved drug product (or an FDA-approved generic or biosimilar). For over one hundred years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has followed the precept that unsafe medicines are most often the result of improper and inconsistent manufacturing and inadequate quality control. The modern framework—spanning…














